The Africa Visa Openness Index measures the extent to which each country in Africa is open to visitors from other African countries.

Explore visa openness in Africa in 2022

2022 visa openness rankings

Key:
  • No visa required
  • Visa on arrival
  • Visa required

Show:

Score
Rank
Algeria
0.1130
48
Angola
0.2940
38
Benin
1.0000
1
Botswana
0.3210
35
Burkina Faso
0.4680
24
Burundi
0.8230
12
Cabo Verde
0.8450
8
Cameroon
0.1322
44
Central African Republic
0.1510
43
Chad
0.2790
39
Comoros
0.8000
14
Côte d’Ivoire
0.4150
27
Djibouti
0.7551
18
Democratic Republic of Congo
0.1210
47
Egypt
0.0750
49
Equatorial Guinea
0.0190
53
Eritrea
0.0490
51
Eswatini
0.3210
35
Ethiopia
0.7770
17
Gabon
0.1700
42
Ghana
0.8830
4
Guinea
0.3581
31
Guinea-Bissau
0.8490
7
Kenya
0.3582
31
Lesotho
0.3020
37
Liberia
0.2640
40
Libya
0.0190
53
Madagascar
0.7850
15
Malawi
0.4490
25
Mali
0.4080
29
Mauritania
0.8300
10
Mauritius
0.8260
11
Morocco
0.1321
44
Mozambique
0.8040
13
Namibia
0.6230
21
Niger
0.3400
33
Nigeria
0.8640
6
Republic of the Congo
0.2150
41
Rwanda
0.8680
5
São Tomé and Príncipe
0.1323
44
Senegal
0.7552
18
Seychelles
1.0000
1
Sierra Leone
0.5020
22
Somalia
0.7850
15
South Africa
0.3400
33
South Sudan
0.0570
50
Sudan
0.0300
52
Tanzania
0.6910
20
The Gambia
1.0000
1
Togo
0.8380
9
Tunisia
0.4150
27
Uganda
0.3770
30
Zambia
0.4300
26
Zimbabwe
0.4720
23

Key facts about visa openness in Africa in 2022

All Africans

Seychelles, Benin and The Gambia offer visa-free access to all Africans.

36

Between 2016 and 2022, 36 countries—two-thirds of the continent—improved or maintained their AVOI score.

24

In 2022, 24 African countries—44% of the continent— offered an e-visa for Africans, up from 9 African countries—17% of the continent—in 2016.

13

13 of 2022's top-20 performers have a higher score today than in 2016. 

5

Five of 2022's top-20 performers improved their scores since 2021. Only one top-20 performer's score declined since last year.

9

Nine top-20 performers are low-income countries; three of them are landlocked. Another nine top-20 performers are lower-middle-income countries. Lower-income countries continue to make progress.